What is a lipoma?

Lipomas are benign and generally harmless tumours of fat that protrude from the skin and occur anywhere in the body where there are fat deposits. Typically, they are soft, rubbery, moveable lumps with little or no pain. They grow slowly and range in size from that of a pea to approximately 10 cm.

Most lipomas cause only cosmetic concerns. In rare instances, deeper lipomas particularly those growing within confined spaces may press against sensitive organs, nerves, or the spinal cord and cause pain and discomfort.

Why do people have lipomas removed?

This type of lump/bump will not disappear on its own. Removal is typically recommended when:

The lipoma is unsightly, painful, or growing.

Your clinician has concerns for example, if it is painful, red, hot, or hard and does not move.

The patient requests removal for cosmetic reasons.

How does lipoma removal work?

Lipoma removal is generally performed under local anaesthetic. Once the area is numb, the surgeon makes an incision, excises the lesion (which may be sent for testing), and closes the wound with stitches.

Frequently asked questions

What causes lipomas

Lipomas are caused by an overgrowth of fat cells. When examined closely, they are made up of large normal-looking fat cells arranged as lobules within a fibrous capsule. This growth typically occurs with the passage of time. The cause is often hereditary.

Are lipomas hereditary?

Yes. Lipomas are soft, fatty accumulations that tend to form just beneath the surface of the skin in middle age, and the cause is often hereditary.

Where can lipomas form?

Lipomas can form in any part of the body where fat tissue is present — most commonly on the arms, shoulders, upper back, chest, thighs and buttocks.

How common are lipomas?

Lipomas are very common and can be anything from the size of a small pea to a few centimetres. They can grow as large as 10 cm if left untreated for many years. They may move slightly when pressed, and should feel soft, rubbery and squishy to the touch.

Are lipomas painful?

Lipomas are generally not painful and grow slowly. Some remain the same size for many years. Most patients only feel uncomfortable about them when they become noticeable or are at a site of pressure. In rare instances, lipomas may develop deep inside the body and cause symptoms when they press against blood vessels, nerves, or organs.

Can lipomas be cancerous?

Lipomas are benign (non-cancerous) by definition. However, a rare and unrelated condition called liposarcoma can sometimes resemble a lipoma. Your dermatologist will assess any lump of concern and may send excised tissue to a laboratory for pathological analysis to confirm it is benign.

Are there any side effects or risks associated with lipoma removal?

As with any surgical procedure, there are small risks including infection, bruising, scar formation and a reaction to the local anaesthetic. These are uncommon. Your surgeon will discuss all risks with you at your consultation.

Will I scar following lipoma removal?

There will be a scar at the incision site, but this typically heals well and fades over time. The surgeon will aim to minimise scarring by using appropriate closure techniques.

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